The very first step to a great garden is great soil. Next
time you reach for that expensive bag of garden soil at the store, think again
and save your cash! Nutrient rich dirt is easy, practically free, and as close
as your back yard… or balcony… or even under the kitchen sink.
Compost is an excellent way to supplement your garden or
start it from scratch. There is no need to buy fancy equipment because
composting is nature’s way of recycling and can be done easily with some basic
supplies. The whole idea is to make a sort of “garbage lasagna”, with layers of
“greens” sandwiched between layers of “browns”.
When mixed in the right proportions, your friendly neighborhood
microorganisms will set up shop in your pile and break everything down into a
rich, earthy soil.
Greens & Browns
Greens can be anything from left over fruit or veggie scraps
to egg shells to grass clippings, and even spent coffee grounds. These provide
nitrogen to your pile, which helps the next generation of plants grow in your
garden. The quickest way to accumulate this greenery is by keeping a bowl or
bucket in your kitchen and while you are cooking, add to it! A good rule of
thumb to remembering what can go in your green bowl is “if it’s harvested that
way, it’s okay”, meaning the most minimally processed materials are best.
Good: fruits &
vegetables (including stalks, peels and seeds), beans, egg shells, tea
& coffee grounds, bread (in small doses), grass and plant clippings, hair
Not so great:
Twinkies, processed food, oils, meat, bones, animal fats, feces, personal
hygiene products (no dirty diapers, folks!), anything that comes from a
laboratory and not the ground
Browns consist of dead, usually dry & brown matter,
which includes leaves, straw and wood. The browns provide the carbon that will
heat your pile and encourage all of the little guys to start partying. While
newspaper and paper are okay, you want to keep these to a minimum. They won’t
ruin the party, but they do make it somewhat awkward by not breaking down as
readily.
Good: dead leaves,
sawdust and wood chips (from untreated wood), straw
Not so great: coated paper, chemically treated wood (or anything, for that
matter), plastic or other unnatural materials (including metal, wax and latex)
Bugs
We all know that it’s never fun to have the creepy crawlies
hanging around, but in composting a variety of insects, bacteria and other
microorganisms really get things cookin’. You may notice the same insect
characters showing up regularly to nosh on your scraps; this is a GREAT thing!
If you see a lot of life in your pile, that means you are doing things right.
The bugs eat the scraps, break it down in their bodily processes and poop out
quality soil. You want to do everything you can to keep those guys around!
Next time on Garden 101, we will go over the best
tools to use and assembly & containment of your compost pile. If you have
any questions, leave a comment & we may include it in a Composting Q &
A session!
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